| | |
Derivation, n(%)
|
Validation, n(%)
|
|---|
|
Treatments and diagnostic tools
|
( N = 13,463)
|
( N = 13,691)
|
|---|
| |
O2
|
7,928 (59.0)
|
8,097 (59.1)
|
| |
Cervical collar
|
6,932 (51.5)
|
7,092 (51.8)
|
|
Prehospital treatment
|
Backboard
|
6,257 (46.5)
|
6,469 (47.3)
|
| |
Shock pants
|
9 (0.1)
|
12 (0.1)
|
| |
Intravenous fluid
|
547 (4.1)
|
496 (3.6)
|
| |
Positive
|
1,128 (9.0)
|
1,211 (9.5)
|
|
FAST
|
Negative
|
8,884 (71.1)
|
8,974 (65.5)
|
| |
Not used
|
2,475 (19.8)
|
2,554 (20.0)
|
| |
Head
|
8,901 (66.1)
|
9,130 (66.7)
|
| |
Neck
|
4,506 (33.5)
|
4,570 (33.4)
|
| |
Spine
|
1,591 (11.8)
|
1,629 (11.9)
|
|
CT
|
Chest
|
6,563 (48.7)
|
6,691 (48.9)
|
| |
Abdomen
|
6,463 (48.0)
|
6,564 (46.9)
|
| |
Pelvis
|
5,099 (37.9)
|
5,192 (37.9)
|
| |
Others
|
504 (3.7)
|
471 (3.4)
|
| |
Head
|
129 (1.0)
|
107 (0.8)
|
| |
Neck
|
52 (0.4)
|
62 (0.5)
|
| |
Spine
|
21 (0.2)
|
29 (0.2)
|
|
Angiography
|
Chest
|
109 (0.8)
|
121 (0.9)
|
| |
Abdomen
|
377 (2.8)
|
389 (2.8)
|
| |
Pelvis
|
424 (3.1)
|
428 (3.1)
|
| |
Others
|
52 (0.4)
|
44 (0.3)
|
|
Blood transfusion (+)
| |
2,166 (17.2)
|
2,216 (17.2)
|
| |
Craniotomy
|
470 (3.5)
|
463 (3.4)
|
| |
Craterization
|
174 (1.3)
|
151 (1.1)
|
| |
Thoracotomy
|
263 (2.0)
|
275 (4.2)
|
|
Operation
|
Celiotomy
|
545 (4.0)
|
541 (4.0)
|
| |
Bone Fixation
|
2,170 (16.1)
|
2,117 (15.5)
|
| |
Angiostomy
|
88 (0.7)
|
77 (0.6)
|
| |
TAE
|
383 (2.8)
|
404 (3.0)
|
| |
Endoscopic surgery
|
7 (0.1)
|
14 (0.1)
|
| |
Anastomosis
|
48 (0.4)
|
45 (0.3)
|
| |
Others
|
438 (3.3)
|
487 (3.6)
|
| |
Death in ED or OR
|
655 (5.3)
|
672 (5.4)
|
|
Disposition at ED
|
ICU
|
8,464 (68.9)
|
8,701 (69.7)
|
| |
Ward
|
2,904 (23.7)
|
2,826 (22.6)
|
| |
Others
|
254 (2.1)
|
280 (2.2)
|
| |
Death
|
1,600 (14.8)
|
1,670 (15.2)
|
|
Disposition at discharge
|
Hospital transfer
|
4,350 (40.2)
|
4,375 (40.0)
|
| |
Home
|
4,811 (44.4)
|
4,864 (44.4)
|
| |
Others
|
63 (0.6)
|
55 (0.5)
|
- aMissing data are FAST (n = 1,928), blood transfusion (n = 1,683), disposition at ED (n = 2,398), and disposition at discharge (n = 5,366). FAST: Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma; CT: computed tomography; TAE: transcatheter arterial embolization; ED: emergency department, OR: operation room.
