| | | | |
Derivation
|
Validation
|
|---|
|
Characteristics
|
Statistical measurement
|
Units
|
( N = 13,463)
|
( N = 13,691)
|
|---|
|
Patient age
| |
Means ± SD
|
Years
|
51.2 ± 21.3
|
51.2 ± 21.5
|
|
Gender (male)
| |
n (%)
| |
9,270 (68.9)
|
9,434 (68.9)
|
|
Trauma causes
|
Blunt
|
n (%)
| |
12,742 (94.6)
|
12,939 (94.5)
|
| |
Penetrating
|
n (%)
| |
721 (5.4)
|
752 (5.5)
|
| |
Ambulance
|
n (%)
| |
11,285 (87.2)
|
11,511 (87.2)
|
| |
Helicopter
|
n (%)
| |
849 (6.6)
|
841 (6.4)
|
|
Transporter
|
Doctor's car
|
n (%)
| |
405 (3.1)
|
422 (3.2)
|
| |
Own car
|
n (%)
| |
244 (1.9)
|
250 (1.9)
|
| |
On foot
|
n (%)
| |
64 (0.5)
|
62 (0.5)
|
| |
Other
|
n (%)
| |
99 (0.8)
|
109 (0.8)
|
| |
SBP
|
Means ± SD
|
mmHg
|
131.9 ± 31.0
|
132.5 ± 31.0
|
| |
DBP
|
Means ± SD
|
mmHg
|
77.4 ± 20.0
|
77.4 ± 20.2
|
|
Prehospital vital sign
|
HR
|
Means ± SD
|
per minute
|
85.3 ± 23.4
|
85.0 ± 23.5
|
| |
RR
|
Means ± SD
|
per minute
|
22.2 ± 7.4
|
22.0 ± 7.4
|
|
Alcohol drunk
| |
n (%)
| |
1,677 (12.5)
|
1,625 (11.9)
|
| |
GCS
|
Means ± SD
| |
12.6 ± 4.0
|
12.6 ± 4.0
|
| |
SBP
|
Means ± SD
|
mmHg
|
125.3 ± 44.7
|
125.3 ± 44.7
|
| |
DBP
|
Means ± SD
|
mmHg
|
74.5 ± 24.0
|
74.3 ± 24.4
|
|
Initial vital signs at ED
|
HR
|
Means ± SD
|
per minute
|
82.4 ± 28.4
|
82.3 ± 28.9
|
| |
RR
|
Means ± SD
|
per minute
|
20.8 ± 8.5
|
20.8 ± 8.6
|
| |
BT
|
Means ± SD
|
°C
|
36.2 ± 1.0
|
36.3 ± 1.0
|
| |
ISS
|
Means ± SD
| |
16.9 ± 13.5
|
17.1 ± 13.5
|
| |
RTS
|
Means ± SD
| |
6.9 ± 2.0
|
6.8 ± 2.0
|
| |
T-RTS
|
Means ± SD
| |
10.6 ± 2.9
|
10.6 ± 3.0
|
|
Trauma scores
|
TRISS
|
Means ± SD
| |
0.85 ± 0.28
|
0.84 ± 0.28
|
| |
MGAP
|
Means ± SD
| |
23.5 ± 5.5
|
23.4 ± 5.6
|
| |
GAP
|
Means ± SD
| |
19.4 ± 5.2
|
19.3 ± 5.3
|
- aMissing prehospital data are gender (n = 7), transporter (n = 1,009), SBP (n = 7,364), DBP (n = 10,131), HR (n = 5,797), RR (n = 7,386). Missing data at the ED are alcohol drunk (n = 9,649) and BT (n = 3,542). SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HR: heart rate; RR: respiratory rate; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; BT: body temperature; ISS: Injury Severity Scale; RTS: Revised Trauma Score; T-RTS: Triage-RTS; TRISS: Trauma and Injury Severity Score; MGAP: Mechanism, Glasgow Coma Scale, Age, and Arterial Pressure; GAP: Glasgow Coma Scale, Age, and Systolic Blood Pressure; ED: emergency department; SD: standard deviation.
