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Table 1 Characteristics of patients developing AKI compared with those who did not develop AKI

From: Urine hepcidin has additive value in ruling out cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute kidney injury: an observational cohort study

 

All Patients

Excluding Patients With

Preoperative CKD

Variables

AKI

N = 9

No AKI

N = 91

P value

AKI

N = 5

No AKI

N = 69

P value

Age, y

74 (70-77)

67 (56-73)

0.015

75 (73-84)

65 (55-72)

0.003

Female, n

2 (22.2%)

31 (34.1%)

0.47

1 (20.0%)

19 (27.5%)

>0.99

Preoperative eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

61 (52-91)

74 (62-88)

0.58

86 (72-100)

80 (70-92)

0.52

Preoperative CKD, n

4 (44.5%)

22 (24.2%)

0.23

-

-

-

LVEF <35%, n

3 (33.3%)

8 (8.8%)

0.06

1 (20.0%)

6 (8.7%)

0.40

Atrial fibrillation

6 (66.7%)

25 (27.5%)

0.015

4 (80.0%)

18 (26.1%)

0.025

Arterial hypertension

8 (88.9%)

65 (71.4%)

0.26

5 (100.0%)

48 (69.6%)

0.31

COPD

3 (33.3%)

8 (8.8%)

0.025

2 (40.0%)

6 (8.7%)

0.087

Diabetes mellitus, n

3 (33.3%)

17 (18.7%)

0.38

0 (0.0%)

12 (17.4%)

0.58

PVD, n

4 (44.5%)

17 (18.7%)

0.09

2 (40.0%)

11 (15.9%)

0.21

  1. AKI, acute kidney disease; AKI defined as RIFLE class R or worse including serum creatinine increase and urine output decrease.
  2. Diabetes mellitus defined as diabetes on medication (insulin or oral antidiabetics).
  3. CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction;
  4. PVD, peripheral vascular disease.
  5. Median (25th to 75th percentiles).
  6. aAKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PVD, peripheral vascular disease. AKI is defined as Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage renal disease classification of AKI (RIFLE) class R or worse, including serum creatinine increase and urine output decrease. Diabetes mellitus is defined as patients with diabetes on medication (insulin or oral antidiabetics). Data are medians (25th to 75th percentiles) unless otherwise indicated.