Table 4 Patients characteristics and the use of antimicrobials
From: The late phase of sepsis is characterized by an increased microbiological burden and death rate
phases in relation to diagnosis | phase 0 | phase I | phase II | phase III | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | ||||||||
# of patients on ICU during phase, # | 661 | 999 | 690 | 327 | ||||
SOFA Score, mean ± SD | 8.5 ± 3.6 | 9.6 ± 3.8* | 8.4 ± 4.0 | 7.1 ± 3.9 | ||||
PCT, mean ± SD | 5.0 ± 10.8 | 10.3 ± 23.5* | 3.2 ± 8.5 | 2.0 ± 4.9 | ||||
Requirement of mechanical ventilation, % (#) | 78.8 (521) | 90.9 (908)* | 82.8 (571) | 83.8 (274) | ||||
Requirement of renal replacement therapy, % (#) | 13.2 (87)§ | 27.7 (277) | 28.7 (198) | 30.9 (101) | ||||
Treatment with antimycotica, % (#) | 5.1 (34)2 | 10.6 (106)2 | 17.5 (121)2 | 28.7 (94)2 | ||||
Amphotericin | 2.6 (17) | 3 (30) | 4.8 (33) | 8 (26) | ||||
Fluconazole/Itroconazole/Ketoconazole | 2 (13) | 5.3 (53) | 9.6 (66) | 20.8 (68) | ||||
Voriconazole | 1.1 (7) | 1.8 (18) | 4.1 (28) | 5.2 (17) | ||||
Echinocadine (Anidulafungin/Caspofungin) | 0.3 (2) | 1.3 (13) | 1.9 (13) | 3.4 (11) | ||||
Treatment with antibiotica, % (#) | 75.2 (497)2 | 97.5 (974)2 | 91.6 (632)2 | 81.3 (266)2 | ||||
Glycopeptides (Teichoplanin/Vancomycine) | 10.3 (68) | 19.2 (192) | 31.3 (216) | 34.3 (112) | ||||
aminoglycosides | 5.3 (35) | 7.9 (79) | 7.5 (52) | 10.7 (35) | ||||
Glycylcyclines | 1.2 (8) | 1.8 (18) | 4.6 (32) | 11.3 (37) | ||||
quinolones | 11.8 (78) | 18.1 (181) | 24.8 (171) | 38.2 (125) | ||||
carbapenems | 15.8 (104) | 35.2 (352) | 48.1 (332) | 40.1 (131) | ||||
cephalosporins (3rd/4th generation) | 11.8 (78) | 14.4 (144) | 14.3 (99) | 20.2 (66) | ||||
tetracyclines | 0 (0) | 0.2 (2) | 0.1 (1) | 0.3 (1) | ||||
ansamycins | 2 (13) | 2.7 (27) | 2.8 (19) | 3.4 (11) | ||||
oxazolidinones | 1.4 (9) | 2.4 (24) | 3.5 (24) | 8 (26) | ||||
penicillin | 39.2 (259) | 57.1 (570) | 39.9 (275) | 27.5 (90) | ||||
others+ | 31.3 (207) | 29.5 (295) | 28.4 (196) | 27.2 (89) | ||||
In dependency of bloodculture results | bc - | bc + | bc - | bc + | bc - | bc + | bc - | bc + |
SOFA Score, mean ± SD | 9.19 ± 3.93 | 9.29 ± 4.02 | 10.02 ± 3.58 | 10.52 ± 3.67 | 9.58 ± 3.7 | 10.18 ± 4.53 | 8.7 ± 3.51 | 8.42 ± 4.07 |
PCT, mean ± SD | 5.24 ± 7.38 | 8.1 ± 11.34 | 12.12 ± 25.25 | 20.86 ± 43.82³ | 3.09 ± 7.82 | 6.68 ± 12.32³ | 2.07 ± 4.12 | 4.89 ± 12.5³ |
Requirement of mechanical ventilation, % (#) | 76.4 (120/157) | 100 (7/7) | 79.3 (521/657) | 95.4 (103/108)³ | 66 (210/318) | 92.5 (37/40)³ | 44.8 (126/281) | 79.2 (38/48)³ |
Requirement of renal replacement therapy, % (#) | 85.7 (36/42) | 100 (2/2) | 84.9 (141/166) | 100 (30/30)³ | 81.8 (54/66) | 90.9 (10/11) | 48.2 (39/81) | 85.7 (18/21)³ |