Figure 3From: Levosimendan inhibits release of reactive oxygen species in polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro and in patients with acute heart failure and septic shock: a prospective observational studyApoptosis of PMN incubated with levosimendan. Graphs show the percentage of annexin positive, propidium iodide positive as well as double positive (annexin and propidium iodide) cells; Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation; n = 5. (a) Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were incubated with medium (control) or various concentrations of levosimendan (10 to 1000 ng/mL). (b) PMN were preincubated with medium (control) or various concentrations of levosimendan (10 to 1000 ng/mL) and then exposed to TNFα (10 ng/mL).Back to article page