Figure 6
From: Injurious mechanical ventilation affects neuronal activation in ventilated rats
Brain activation evidenced by c-fos immunotreactivity in Paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei. On the top (left): Coronal section diagram encompassing the area of interest. On the bottom: Representative images of Paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei from each experimental group after cresyl violet staining (left, a,c,e,g, 40X) and c-fos immunohistochemistry (right 100X and 400X). Brown dots represent c-fos staining. Black arrows indicate some examples of c-fos positive cells c-fos expression in the PVN tended to increase with MV (f, h), but this increase did not reach significance compared with basal (b) or spontaneous breathing rats (d). Data are presented as mean ± SE. *P < 0.05 respect to unventilated basal animals. Abbreviations: BAS, basal; LVt, low tidal volume; HVt, high tidal volume; Spont, spontaneous breathing; PVN, Paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei.