Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
Variable | No.(%) of patients | |
|---|---|---|
Survey year | Â | Â |
   2005 | 24,955 | (22.8) |
   2006 | 26,861 | (24.6) |
   2007 | 28,126 | (25.7) |
   2008 | 29,408 | (26.9) |
Male sex | 67,583 | (61.8) |
Age, mean (SD), year | 72.9 | (18.2) |
Etiology | Â | Â |
   Presumed cardiac | 59,693 | (54.6) |
   Non-cardiac | 49,657 | (45.4) |
cerebrovascular disease | 5,331 | (10.7) |
respiratory diseases | 7,041 | (14.2) |
cancer | 3,982 | (8.0) |
exogenous causes | 20,320 | (40.9) |
other non-cardiac origin | 12,983 | (26.1) |
non-cardiac origin, subtotal | 49,657 | (100.0) |
Bystander CPR | 49,122 | (44.9) |
family | 27,997 | (57.0) |
friend | 2,202 | (4.5) |
colleague | 1,610 | (3.3) |
passerby | 1,767 | (3.6) |
others | 15,546 | (31.6) |
type of bystander subtotal | 49,122 | (100.0) |
Public AED | 914 | (0.8) |
Intubation | 52,123 | (47.7) |
Drug | 6,410 | (5.9) |
Interval, mean (SD), minutes | Â | Â |
collapse-to-call interval | 5.4 | (8.1) |
collapse-to-arrival | 12.8 | (9.0) |
collapse-to-EMS contact | 14.0 | (9.2) |
collapse-to-EMS CPR | 14.5 | (9.3) |
collapse-to-EMS defibrillation | 16.7 | (10.1) |
collapse-to-hospital transfer | 36.7 | (14.5) |