|
Male sex
|
105 (77)
|
69 (79)
|
0.86
|
|
Age
|
66 (52 to 76)
|
70 (57 to 77)
|
0.04
|
|
Category at admission
|
Medical
|
90 (66)
|
62 (71)
|
0.49
|
| |
Emergency surgery
|
25 (18)
|
17 (19)
|
0.76
|
| |
Scheduled surgery
|
21 (15)
|
8 (9)
|
0.20
|
|
Severity score at admission
|
LOD
|
6 (4 to 8)
|
7 (5 to 10)
|
0.04
|
| |
SAPS II
|
45 (36 to 53)
|
54 (42 to 66)
|
0.0001
|
| |
SOFA
|
8 (6 to 10)
|
9 (6 to 11)
|
0.03
|
|
Duration of ICU stay before VAP
|
10 (6 to 18)
|
9 (5 to 18)
|
0.13
|
|
Duration of stay
|
ICU
|
32 (20 to 50)
|
26(14 to 41)
|
0.19
|
| |
Hospital
|
57 (42 to 84)
|
30 (19 to 59)
|
<0.0001
|
|
Main diagnosis at admission
|
Septic shock
|
25 (18)
|
18 (21)
|
0.74
|
| |
Multiple organ failure
|
6 (4)
|
6 (7)
|
0.26
|
| |
Cardiac failure
|
5 (4)
|
2 (2)
|
0.53
|
| |
Acute respiratory failure
|
47 (35)
|
27 (31)
|
0.59
|
| |
COPD exacerbation
|
9 (7)
|
5 (6)
|
0.96
|
| |
Acute renal failure
|
3 (2)
|
2 (2)
|
0.90
|
| |
Scheduled surgery
|
9 (7)
|
1 (1)
|
0.08
|
|
Chronic illness
|
Cardiovascular
|
16 (12)
|
19 (22)
|
0.03
|
| |
Pulmonary
|
31 (23)
|
22 (25)
|
0.58
|
| |
Renal
|
6 (4)
|
4 (5)
|
0.90
|
| |
Hepatic
|
6 (4)
|
7 (8)
|
0.29
|
| |
Diabetes
|
20 (15)
|
9 (10)
|
0.73
|
| |
At least one chronic illness
|
59 (43)
|
51 (59)
|
0.02
|
|
Treatment at admission
|
Vasopressors
|
84 (62)
|
59 (68)
|
0.30
|
| |
Steroids
|
39 (29)
|
35 (40)
|
0.05
|
| |
Broad-spectrum antimicrobials
|
88 (65)
|
58 (67)
|
0.45
|
| |
Hemodialysis/hemofiltration
|
14 (10)
|
8 (9)
|
0.91
|
|
Polymicrobial VAP
|
34 (25)
|
29 (33)
|
0.27
|
|
SOFA score at VAP onset
|
5 (3 to 7)
|
7 (4 to 9)
|
0,0004
|
|
Adequate antimicrobial treatment*
|
J 0
|
53 (39)
|
34 (39)
|
0.42
|
| |
J+1
|
41 (30)
|
25 (29)
|
0.66
|
| |
J+2
|
32 (23)
|
19 (22)
|
0.40
|
|
Antimicrobials
|
Monotherapy
|
15 (12)
|
17 (22)
|
0.12
|
| |
Bi or Tri antibiotic therapy
|
111 (82)
|
61 (70)
|
0.11
|
