Table 3 Characteristics of the pulmonary involvement according to the cause of acute respiratory failurea
From: Acute respiratory failure in kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter study
Cause | Number of patients | Time (days) since respiratory symptoms onset | ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 200) at admission | Lung infiltration ≥3 quadrants on chest X-ray | Shock at admission | Mechanical ventilation | Renal replacement therapy | Vasopressors | Hospital mortality | Day 90 dialysis-free survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients | 200 | 2 (1 - 6) | 109 (62.3) | 69 (34.8) | 93 (47) | 82 (41) | 104 (52) | 45 (22.5) | 115 (57.5) | |
Bacterial infection | ||||||||||
Bacterial pneumonia | 71 | 2 (0 - 44) | 39 (62) | 27 (40) | 39 (55) | 44(62) | 43 (61) | 39 (55) | 25 (35) | 33 (47) |
Extrapulmonary ARDS | 31 | 1 (0 - 20) | 12 (48) | 17 (57) | 18 (58) | 20 (65) | 17 (55) | 19 (61) | 11 (36) | 16 (52) |
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema | 49 | 1 (0 - 29) | 27 (64) | 41 (85) | 7 (15) | 14 (29) | 27 (55) | 11 (22) | 5 (10) | 29 (59) |
Opportunistic fungal infection | ||||||||||
Pneumocystis pneumonia | 23 | 10 (2 - 44) | 18 (86) | 20 (87) | 0 (0) | 12 (52) | 14 (61) | 9 (39) | 7 (30) | 11 (488) |
Invasive aspergillosis or Candidemia | 6 | 8 (0 - 45) | 1 (33) | 4 (67) | 3 (50) | 5 (83) | 3 (50) | 5 (83) | 5 (83) | 1 (17) |
Viral pneumonia | 6 | 5 (2 - 183) | 2 (50) | 3 (60) | 0 (0) | 2 (33) | 1 (17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (83) |
Drug-related pulmonary toxicity | 6 | 12 (1 - 183) | 4 (67) | 5 (83) | 1 (17) | 5 (83) | 4 (67) | 3 (50) | 1 (17) | 3 (50) |
Other | 11 | 1 (0 - 30) | 4 (36) | 3 (27) | 7 (64) | 4 (36) | 4 (36) | 5 (46) | 4 (36) | 6 (55) |
Undetermined | 25 | 2 (0 - 8) | 14 | 4 (17) | 5 (21) | 5 (20) | 6 (24) | 6 (24) | 2 (8) | 20 (80) |