Table 2 Selected physiologic and laboratory characteristics of patients with pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection with or without AKI and AKIN criteriaa
From: Acute kidney injury in critical ill patients affected by influenza A (H1N1) virus infection
Variables | Total | Non-AKI (n = 543) | AKI (n = 118) | P value | AKI I (n = 37) | AKI II (n = 15) | AKI III (n= 66) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physiologic characteristics | ||||||||
Mean APACHE II score (±SD) | 13.6 (6.7) | 12.6 (5.9) | 19.1 (8.4) | <0.001 | 16.6 (6.9) | 20.9 (7.4) | 20.8 (9.3) | <0.001 |
Mean SOFA score (±SD) | 5.4 (3.5) | 4.8 (2.9) | 8.7 (4.2) | <0.001 | 4.7 (2.9) | 7.7 (3.5) | 9.2 (4.4) | <0.001 |
Invasive MV, n (%) | 408 (61.7%) | 305 (56.2%) | 103 (87.3%) | <0.001 | 28 (75.7%) | 12 (80.0%) | 63 (95.5%) | <0.001 |
Shock, n (%) | 297 (44.9%) | 208 (38.3%) | 89 (75.4%) | <0.001 | 23 (62.2%) | 8 (53.3%) | 58 (87.9%) | <0.001 |
MODS, n (%) | 406 (61.4%) | 297 (54.7%) | 109 (92.4%) | <0.001 | 29 (78.4%) | 14 (93.3%) | 66 (100.0%) | <0.001 |
Coinfection, n (%) | 106 (16.0%) | 78 (14.4%) | 28 (23.7%) | <0.01 | 10 (27.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 13 (19.7%) | 0.03 |
Median laboratory findings, median (IQR) | ||||||||
Leukocyte count per mm3 | 6,900 (4,000 to 11,500) | 6,800 (3,925 to 11,075) | 8,300 (4,300 to 14,000) | <0.01 | 6,770 (4,250 to 15,850) | 8,850 (4,375 to 11,525) | 8,200 (4,200 to 13,750) | 0.5 |
Platelet count per mm3 | 163.5 (120 to 223.2) | 166 (124 to 227) | 149 (99 to 197) | 0.09 | 160 (110 to 238) | 140 (81 to 181) | 149 (77.5 to 197.5) | 0.02 |
Serum creatinine kinase, U/L | 176.5 (75 to 474.2) | 170 (74-417-75) | 290 (92.25 to 862) | <0.01 | 199 (36 to 1,270) | 218 (48 to 475) | 319 (136.5 to 860.25) | 0.005 |
Serum lactate dehydrogenase, IU/L | 611 (366.5-1,019.7) | 600 (355 to 986) | 720 (402 to 1,103) | 0.001 | 506 (305 to 954) | 380 (338 to 439) | 1,000 (606 to 1,527) | <0.001 |
Serum AST, IU/L | 53 (32 to 99) | 50 (31.25 to 88.75) | 64 (36.5 to 147) | 0.001 | 47 (29.5 to 111) | 120 (48.5 to 204) | 75 (50 to 176) | <0.001 |
Serum ALT, U/L | 39.5 (23 to 78) | 38 (23 to 76) | 49.5 (26 to 96.75) | 0.001 | 52.5 (24.75 to 83.5) | 46.5 (22.5 to 89.5) | 48.5 (26.5 to 129.75) | 0.1 |
PCT, ng/ml | 0.59 (0.1 to 2.1) | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.8) | 2 (0.8 to 10) | 0.001 | 2 (0.57 to 5.72) | 8.3 (3.7 to 10.0) | 2 (0.7 to 6.9) | <0.001 |
CRP, mg/ml | 21.1 (12.2 to 44.8) | 20 (12 to 42.1) | 28 (16.8 to 61.2) | <0.01 | 34 (16.1 to 63.7) | 29 (8.6 to 44.6) | 25.8 (19.2 to 69) | 0.08 |