Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients admitted to ICU.

AGE (years)

60.6

63.1

<0.0001

RACE (%)

<0.0001

Caucasian

64.5

64.3

African-American

12.2

14.7

Hispanic

3.9

5.0

Asian

1.8

2.0

American Indian

0.2

0.2

Other

5.6

5.0

Missing

11.7

10.2

COMORBID CONDITIONS (%)

AIDS

0.7

0.4

<0.0001

Immunosuppression

6.9

7.8

<0.0001

Cirrhosis

2.7

1.8

<0.0001

Hepatic Failure

1.5

1.1

<0.0001

Non-Hodgkins' Lymphoma

0.7

0.6

0.006

Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma

1.1

0.9

<0.0001

Tumor with metastases

3.7

4.7

<0.0001

ADMISSION DIAGNOSIS (%)

<0.0001

Cardiovascular

20.3

20.1

Sepsis

10.2

11.3

Pulmonary

7.9

10.3

Gastrointestinal

6.5

6.1

Neurological

9.9

11.8

Surgical

39.7

32.5

Miscellaneous

5.4

7.8

LOCATION PRIOR TO ICU ADMISSION (%)

<0.0001

Operating Room

15.5

11.1

Recovery Room

18.3

19.9

Emergency Room

36.9

37.5

Floor

12.1

15.0

ICU Transfer

2.0

1.8

Other Hospital

6.1

5.9

Direct Admission

5.3

4.7

Step Down Unit

3.7

4.0

Others

0.1

0.1

Pre-ICU Length of Stay (hours)

1.6 ± 5.4

1.7 ± 5.2

<0.0001

HOSPITAL TEACHING STATUS (%)

<0.0001

COTH Member

36.2

34.9

Teaching Hospital, small

35.9

35.8

Nonteaching Hospital

27.9

29.3